diff --git a/src/pages/MonitoringPage/MonitoringPage.tsx b/src/pages/MonitoringPage/MonitoringPage.tsx
index e66e6a2..cc9026c 100644
--- a/src/pages/MonitoringPage/MonitoringPage.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/MonitoringPage/MonitoringPage.tsx
@@ -2,10 +2,37 @@ import React from 'react';
 import styles from './MonitoringPage.module.css';
 import useProgramStore from "../../utils/programStore.ts";
 import { GestureControls, SpeechPresets, DirectSpeechInput, StatusList, RobotConnected } from './Components';
-import { nextPhase, useExperimentLogger, pauseExperiment, playExperiment, resetExperiment, resetPhase } from ".//MonitoringPageAPI.ts"
+import { nextPhase, useExperimentLogger, pauseExperiment, playExperiment, resetExperiment, resetPhase, type ExperimentStreamData, type GoalUpdate, type TriggerUpdate, type CondNormsStateUpdate, type PhaseUpdate } from ".//MonitoringPageAPI.ts"
 
 import type { NormNodeData } from '../VisProgPage/visualProgrammingUI/nodes/NormNode.tsx';
 
+// Stream message types are defined in MonitoringPageAPI as `ExperimentStreamData`.
+// Types for reduced program items (output from node reducers):
+export type ReducedPlanStep = {
+  id: string;
+  text?: string;
+  gesture?: { type: string; name?: string };
+  goal?: string;
+} & Record<string, unknown>;
+
+export type ReducedPlan = { id: string; steps: ReducedPlanStep[] } | "";
+
+export type ReducedGoal = { id: string; name: string; description?: string; can_fail?: boolean; plan?: ReducedPlan };
+
+export type ReducedCondition = {
+  id: string;
+  keyword?: string;
+  emotion?: string;
+  object?: string;
+  name?: string;
+  description?: string;
+} & Record<string, unknown>;
+
+export type ReducedTrigger = { id: string; name: string; condition?: ReducedCondition | ""; plan?: ReducedPlan };
+
+export type ReducedNorm = { id: string; label?: string; norm?: string; condition?: ReducedCondition | "" };
+
+
 const MonitoringPage: React.FC = () => {
   const getPhaseIds = useProgramStore((s) => s.getPhaseIds);
   const getNormsInPhase = useProgramStore((s) => s.getNormsInPhase);
@@ -25,25 +52,27 @@ const MonitoringPage: React.FC = () => {
   //see if we reached end node
   const [isFinished, setIsFinished] = React.useState(false); 
 
-  const handleStreamUpdate = React.useCallback((data: any) => {
+  const handleStreamUpdate = React.useCallback((data: ExperimentStreamData) => {
     // Check for phase updates
-    if (data.type === 'phase_update' && data.phase_id) {
-      if (data.phase_id === "end") {
+    if (data.type === 'phase_update' && data.id) {
+      const payload = data as PhaseUpdate;
+      if (payload.id === "end") {
         setIsFinished(true);
       } else {
-        setIsFinished(false); 
-        
+        setIsFinished(false);
+
         const allIds = getPhaseIds();
-        const newIndex = allIds.indexOf(data.phase_id);
+        const newIndex = allIds.indexOf(payload.id);
         if (newIndex !== -1) {
             setPhaseIndex(newIndex);
             setGoalIndex(0);
         }
-    }
+      }
     } 
     else if (data.type === 'goal_update') {
-    const currentPhaseGoals = getGoalsInPhase(phaseIds[phaseIndex]) as any[];
-    const gIndex = currentPhaseGoals.findIndex((g: any) => g.id === data.id);
+    const payload = data as GoalUpdate;
+    const currentPhaseGoals = getGoalsInPhase(phaseIds[phaseIndex]) as ReducedGoal[];
+    const gIndex = currentPhaseGoals.findIndex((g: ReducedGoal) => g.id === payload.id);
 
     if (gIndex !== -1) {
       //set current goal to the goal that is just started
@@ -62,30 +91,32 @@ const MonitoringPage: React.FC = () => {
         return nextState;
       });
 
-      console.log(`Now pursuing goal: ${data.id}. Previous goals marked achieved.`);
+      console.log(`Now pursuing goal: ${payload.id}. Previous goals marked achieved.`);
     }
   }
 
     else if (data.type === 'trigger_update') {
+    const payload = data as TriggerUpdate;
     setActiveIds((prev) => ({
       ...prev,
-      [data.id]: data.achieved // data.id is de key, achieved is true/false
+      [payload.id]: payload.achieved
     }));
   }
   else if (data.type === 'cond_norms_state_update') {
+    const payload = data as CondNormsStateUpdate;
     setActiveIds((prev) => {
       const nextState = { ...prev };
-      
-      data.norms.forEach((normUpdate: { id: string; active: boolean }) => {
+      // payload.norms is typed on the union, so safe to use directly
+      payload.norms.forEach((normUpdate) => {
         nextState[normUpdate.id] = normUpdate.active;
         console.log(`Conditional norm ${normUpdate.id} set to active: ${normUpdate.active}`);
       });
 
       return nextState;
     });
-    console.log("Updated conditional norms state:", data.norms);
+    console.log("Updated conditional norms state:", payload.norms);
   }
-}, [getPhaseIds]);
+}, [getPhaseIds, getGoalsInPhase, phaseIds, phaseIndex]);
 
   useExperimentLogger(handleStreamUpdate);
 
@@ -95,35 +126,36 @@ const MonitoringPage: React.FC = () => {
 
   const phaseId = phaseIds[phaseIndex];
 
-  const goals = (getGoalsInPhase(phaseId) as any[]).map(g => ({
+  const goals = (getGoalsInPhase(phaseId) as ReducedGoal[]).map(g => ({
     ...g,
-    label: g.name, 
-    achieved: activeIds[g.id] ?? false 
+    label: g.name,
+    achieved: activeIds[g.id] ?? false,
   }));
 
 
-  const triggers = (getTriggersInPhase(phaseId) as any[]).map(t => ({
+  const triggers = (getTriggersInPhase(phaseId) as ReducedTrigger[]).map(t => ({
     ...t,
     label: (() => {
 
       let prefix = "";
-      if (t.condition?.keyword) {
+      if (t.condition && typeof t.condition !== "string" && "keyword" in t.condition && typeof t.condition.keyword === "string") {
         prefix = `if keywords said: "${t.condition.keyword}"`;
-      } else if (t.condition?.name) {
+      } else if (t.condition && typeof t.condition !== "string" && "name" in t.condition && typeof t.condition.name === "string") {
         prefix = `if LLM belief: ${t.condition.name}`;
       } else { //fallback
-        prefix = t.label || "Trigger";
+        prefix = t.name || "Trigger"; // use typed `name` as a reliable fallback
       }
 
  
-      const stepLabels = t.plan?.steps?.map((step: any) => {
-        if (step.text) {
+      const stepLabels = (t.plan && typeof t.plan !== "string" ? t.plan.steps : []).map((step: ReducedPlanStep) => {
+        if ("text" in step && typeof step.text === "string") {
           return `say: "${step.text}"`;
-        } 
-        if (step.gesture) {
-          return `perform gesture: ${step.gesture.name || step.gesture.type}`;
-        } 
-        if (step.goal) {
+        }
+        if ("gesture" in step && step.gesture) {
+          const g = step.gesture;
+          return `perform gesture: ${g.name || g.type}`;
+        }
+        if ("goal" in step && typeof step.goal === "string") {
           return `perform LLM: ${step.goal}`;
         }
         return "Action"; // Fallback
@@ -144,15 +176,15 @@ const MonitoringPage: React.FC = () => {
       ...n,
       label: n.norm, 
     }));
-    const conditionalNorms = (getNormsInPhase(phaseId) as any[])
+    const conditionalNorms = (getNormsInPhase(phaseId) as ReducedNorm[])
     .filter(n => !!n.condition) // Only items with a condition
     .map(n => ({
       ...n,
       label: (() => {
         let prefix = "";
-        if (n.condition?.keyword) {
+        if (n.condition && typeof n.condition !== "string" && "keyword" in n.condition && typeof n.condition.keyword === "string") {
           prefix = `if keywords said: "${n.condition.keyword}"`;
-        } else if (n.condition?.name) {
+        } else if (n.condition && typeof n.condition !== "string" && "name" in n.condition && typeof n.condition.name === "string") {
           prefix = `if LLM belief: ${n.condition.name}`;
         }
         
diff --git a/src/pages/MonitoringPage/MonitoringPageAPI.ts b/src/pages/MonitoringPage/MonitoringPageAPI.ts
index 076d6fa..19e10e4 100644
--- a/src/pages/MonitoringPage/MonitoringPageAPI.ts
+++ b/src/pages/MonitoringPage/MonitoringPageAPI.ts
@@ -66,17 +66,26 @@ export async function playExperiment(): Promise<void> {
 }
 
 
+/**
+ * Types for the experiment stream messages
+ */
+export type PhaseUpdate = { type: 'phase_update'; id: string };
+export type GoalUpdate = { type: 'goal_update'; id: string };
+export type TriggerUpdate = { type: 'trigger_update'; id: string; achieved: boolean };
+export type CondNormsStateUpdate = { type: 'cond_norms_state_update'; norms: { id: string; active: boolean }[] };
+export type ExperimentStreamData = PhaseUpdate | GoalUpdate | TriggerUpdate | CondNormsStateUpdate | Record<string, unknown>;
+
 /**
  * A hook that listens to the experiment stream and logs data to the console.
  * It does not render anything.
  */
-export function useExperimentLogger(onUpdate?: (data: any) => void) {
+export function useExperimentLogger(onUpdate?: (data: ExperimentStreamData) => void) {
   useEffect(() => {
     const eventSource = new EventSource(`${API_BASE}/experiment_stream`);
 
     eventSource.onmessage = (event) => {
       try {
-        const parsedData = JSON.parse(event.data);
+        const parsedData = JSON.parse(event.data) as ExperimentStreamData;
         if (onUpdate) {
           console.log(event.data);
           onUpdate(parsedData);